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Table of Contents

1. What is Python?

  • Python is a general-purpose, dynamic, high-level, and interpreted programming language.
  • It is designed to be simple and easy to learn, which makes it an ideal choice for beginners.
  • One of the key strengths of Python is its versatility, as it can be used for a wide range of applications.

Python supports the Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) approach, allowing developers to create applications with organized, reusable, and maintainable code.

Example:
Python can be used to create a simple calculator, a website, a data analysis program, or even an AI-based application.

1.2 Features of Python

1. Readability

Python’s syntax is clear and easy to read, making it suitable for both beginners and experienced programmers. The code closely resembles the English language.

Example:

print("Welcome to Python")

2. Simplicity

Python avoids complex syntax, making programs shorter and easier to write compared to other programming languages.

Example:
Printing a message in Python requires only one line of code.

3. Dynamic Typing

Python is dynamically typed, which means you do not need to declare the data type of a variable explicitly.

Example:

x = 10
x = "Python"

Here, the same variable can store different types of values.

4. Large Standard Library

Python provides a vast standard library with ready-to-use modules and functions, which saves development time and effort.

Example:
The math module can be used to perform mathematical operations without writing complex code.

5. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

Python supports OOP concepts such as classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism, which help in building large and complex applications.

Example:
A student management system can be created using classes and objects.

6. Cross-Platform Compatibility

Python works on multiple platforms such as Windows, macOS, and Linux, making it highly portable.

Example:
A Python program written on Windows can run on Linux without modification.

7. Extensive Third-Party Libraries

Python has a large ecosystem of third-party libraries and frameworks that extend its functionality.

Examples:

8. Interpreted Nature

Python is an interpreted language, meaning code is executed line by line without prior compilation. This makes debugging easier and development faster.

Example:
Errors are shown immediately during execution.

9. Integration Capabilities

Python can easily integrate with other languages like C, C++, and Java, allowing developers to reuse existing code.

Example:
Python can be used as a scripting language in C or Java applications.

1.3 Applications of Python

Python is widely used in various domains due to its flexibility and ease of use.

Major Application Areas:

1. Web Development

Python is extensively used in web development through frameworks like Django and Flask, which help in building dynamic and secure websites.

Example:
Instagram and Pinterest use Python in their backend systems.

2. Data Analysis and Visualization

Python libraries such as NumPy, Pandas, and Matplotlib are widely used for data analysis and visualization.

Example:
Python can be used to analyze sales data and create charts and graphs.

3. Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence

Python is the most popular language for AI and machine learning projects.

Example:
Libraries like TensorFlow, Keras, and scikit-learn are used to build recommendation systems and predictive models.

4. Automation and Scripting

Python is commonly used for automation tasks due to its simple syntax and rapid development cycle.

Example:
Automating file management, sending emails, or system administration tasks.

1.4 Python Installation

Steps to Install Python

For Windows:

  1. Visit the official Python website: www.python.org/downloads/
  2. Download the Python installer according to your system requirements.
  3. On the Python Releases for Windows page, select the latest Python 3.x version.
  4. Choose:
    • Windows x86-64 installer for 64-bit systems
    • Windows x86 executable installer for 32-bit systems
  5. Run the installer and follow the on-screen instructions to complete the installation.

For Linux (Ubuntu):

  1. Open the Ubuntu Software Center.
  2. From the All Software drop-down menu, select Developer Tools.
  3. Search for Python 3.x.
  4. Click on Install to start the installation.
  5. After installation is complete, close the Software Center.

1.5 First Python Program

Writing your first Python program is an exciting step toward learning the language.

Example: Hello World Program

# Printing Hello World using Python
print("Hello World!")

Explanation:

  • The print() function is used to display output on the screen.
  • "Hello World!" is a string passed as an argument to the print() function.
  • The # symbol is used to write comments in Python. Comments are ignored by the interpreter and help explain the code.

Study some Question- Answer and MCQ’s

Part–A : Very Short Answer Questions

  1. What is Python?
    Python is a general-purpose, high-level, interpreted programming language that is easy to learn and use.
  2. Is Python a compiled or interpreted language?
    Python is an interpreted language.
  3. Who developed Python?
    Python was developed by Guido van Rossum.
  4. What type of typing does Python support?
    Python supports dynamic typing.
  5. Name any two Python web frameworks.
    Django and Flask.

Part–B : Short Answer Questions

  1. Why is Python considered beginner-friendly?
    Python has simple syntax, high readability, and avoids complex programming rules, making it easy for beginners to learn.
  2. What is dynamic typing in Python?
    Dynamic typing means that the data type of a variable is decided at runtime and does not need to be declared explicitly.
  3. Explain cross-platform compatibility of Python.
    Python programs can run on different operating systems such as Windows, Linux, and macOS without modification.
  4. What is the use of the print() function?
    The print() function is used to display output on the screen.
  5. What is a comment in Python?
    A comment is a non-executable statement used to explain code, and it starts with the # symbol.

Part–C : Long Answer Questions

  1. Explain the features of Python.
    Python offers features such as readability, simplicity, dynamic typing, a large standard library, object-oriented programming, cross-platform compatibility, interpreted nature, and easy integration with other languages.
  2. Describe the applications of Python.
    Python is used in web development, data analysis, machine learning, artificial intelligence, automation, and scripting.
  3. Explain the steps to install Python on Windows.
    Python can be installed by downloading the installer from the official website, selecting the appropriate version, and following the installation instructions.

Part–D : Fill in the Blanks

  1. Python is an __________ language.
    Answer: interpreted
  2. The symbol used for comments in Python is _______.
    Answer: #
  3. Python is developed by _______.
    Answer: Guido van Rossum
  4. __________ is used to print output on the screen.
    Answer: print()

Part–E :Python Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

 1. Python is a ______ language.

a) Low-level
b) Assembly-level
c) High-level
d) Machine-level
Ans: c) High-level

2. Python is mainly known for its ______.

a) Complexity
b) Speed
c) Readability
d) Lengthy syntax
Ans: c) Readability

3. Python is a __________ language.

a) Compiled
b) Interpreted
c) Assembled
d) Machine
Ans: b) Interpreted

4. Who developed Python?

a) Dennis Ritchie
b) James Gosling
c) Guido van Rossum
d) Bjarne Stroustrup
Ans: c) Guido van Rossum

5. Python supports which programming paradigm?

a) Procedural
b) Object-Oriented
c) Functional
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

6. Which symbol is used for comments in Python?

a) //
b) /* */
c) #
d) @
Ans: c) #

7. Which function is used to display output?

a) show()
b) print()
c) display()
d) output()
Ans: b) print()

8. Python variables are ______ typed.

a) Static
b) Strong
c) Dynamic
d) Fixed
Ans: c) Dynamic

9. Which version of Python is recommended for beginners?

a) Python 1.x
b) Python 2.x
c) Python 3.x
d) Python 4.x
Ans: c) Python 3.x

10. Python programs can run on ______.

a) Windows
b) Linux
c) macOS
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

11. Which library is used for numerical computation?

a) Pandas
b) NumPy
c) Matplotlib
d) Django
Ans: b) NumPy

12. Which library is used for data analysis?

a) NumPy
b) Pandas
c) Flask
d) TensorFlow
Ans: b) Pandas

13. Which library is used for data visualization?

a) NumPy
b) Pandas
c) Matplotlib
d) scikit-learn
Ans: c) Matplotlib

14. Django is a ______ framework.

a) Desktop
b) Web
c) Mobile
d) Game
Ans: b) Web

15. Flask is mainly used for ______.

a) Machine learning
b) Data analysis
c) Web development
d) Automation
Ans: c) Web development

16. Which library is used for machine learning?

a) Flask
b) Django
c) scikit-learn
d) Bootstrap
Ans: c) scikit-learn

17. Python is best suited for ______.

a) System programming only
b) Web development only
c) Multiple applications
d) Hardware design
Ans: c) Multiple applications

18. Python standard library provides ______.

a) Limited functions
b) No modules
c) Ready-to-use modules
d) Only math functions
Ans: c) Ready-to-use modules

19. Which OS is NOT supported by Python?

a) Windows
b) Linux
c) macOS
d) None
Ans: d) None

20. Python code is executed ______.

a) Line by line
b) All at once
c) After compilation
d) In binary form
Ans: a) Line by line

21. Which symbol is used to start a comment?

a) %
b) #
c) $
d) &
Ans: b) #

22. Which of the following is NOT a Python feature?

a) Simplicity
b) Readability
c) Dynamic typing
d) Complex syntax
Ans: d) Complex syntax

23. Python supports OOP concepts like ______.

a) Classes
b) Objects
c) Inheritance
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

24. Python can integrate with which language?

a) C
b) C++
c) Java
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

25. Which command prints text on the screen?

a) echo
b) printf
c) print
d) write
Ans: c) print

26. Python is widely used for ______.

a) AI
b) Data Science
c) Automation
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

27. Which file extension is used for Python files?

a) .pt
b) .pyt
c) .py
d) .python
Ans: c) .py

28. Python installation for Windows is downloaded from ______.

a) google.com
b) microsoft.com
c) python.org
d) github.com
Ans: c) python.org

29. Which installer is used for 64-bit Windows?

a) Windows x86
b) Windows x86-64
c) Windows ARM
d) Windows lite
Ans: b) Windows x86-64

30. Python is suitable for automation because of ______.

a) Hard syntax
b) Easy syntax
c) Long code
d) Low readability
Ans: b) Easy syntax

31. Which library is used for AI?

a) TensorFlow
b) Keras
c) scikit-learn
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

32. Python avoids ______ syntax.

a) Simple
b) Easy
c) Complex
d) Clean
Ans: c) Complex

33. Python was first released in ______.

a) 1989
b) 1991
c) 2000
d) 2010
Ans: b) 1991

34. Python is best described as ______.

a) Difficult
b) Beginner-friendly
c) Low-level
d) Hardware-based
Ans: b) Beginner-friendly

35. Which of the following is an automation task?

a) File handling
b) Data parsing
c) System administration
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

36. Python supports rapid development due to ______.

a) Compilation
b) Interpretation
c) Assembly
d) Linking
Ans: b) Interpretation

37. Pandas is mainly used for ______.

a) Web design
b) Game development
c) Data analysis
d) OS development
Ans: c) Data analysis

38. Which is NOT a web framework?

a) Django
b) Flask
c) NumPy
d) None
Ans: c) NumPy

39. Python comments are ______ by interpreter.

a) Executed
b) Compiled
c) Ignored
d) Converted
Ans: c) Ignored

40. Python is an ______ language.

a) Assembled
b) Interpreted
c) Machine
d) Low-level
Ans: b) Interpreted

41. Python code readability helps in ______.

a) Debugging
b) Maintenance
c) Learning
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

42. Which is the correct print statement?

a) print “Hello”
b) print(“Hello”)
c) echo(“Hello”)
d) printf(“Hello”)
Ans: b) print(“Hello”)

43. Python supports ______ reuse.

a) Code
b) Hardware
c) Memory
d) Disk
Ans: a) Code

44. Which library is used for plotting graphs?

a) Pandas
b) NumPy
c) Matplotlib
d) Django
Ans: c) Matplotlib

45. Python is commonly used in ______.

a) Web apps
b) AI systems
c) Data analysis
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

46. Python installation on Ubuntu is done using ______.

a) Control Panel
b) Software Center
c) BIOS
d) Task Manager
Ans: b) Software Center

47. Python is suitable for scripting because it is ______.

a) Complex
b) Slow
c) Easy to read
d) Hardware dependent
Ans: c) Easy to read

48. Python has a ______ ecosystem.

a) Small
b) Limited
c) Vast
d) No
Ans: c) Vast

49. Python libraries are used to ______ functionality.

a) Reduce
b) Remove
c) Extend
d) Delete
Ans: c) Extend

50. Python programs are easy to ______.

a) Read
b) Write
c) Maintain
d) All of the above
Ans: d) All of the above

51. Python is a __________ language.
a) Low-level
b) Assembly-level
c) High-level
d) Machine-level
Answer: c) High-level

52. Which symbol is used for comments in Python?
a) //
b) /* */
c) #
d) @
Answer: c) #

53. Which function is used to display output in Python?
a) output()
b) show()
c) display()
d) print()
Answer: d) print()

54. Python supports which programming paradigm?
a) Procedural
b) Object-Oriented
c) Functional
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

55. Which of the following is a Python web framework?
a) Bootstrap
b) Angular
c) Django
d) React
Answer: c) Django

56. Which library is used for data visualization in Python?
a) NumPy
b) Pandas
c) Matplotlib
d) TensorFlow
Answer: c) Matplotlib

57. Python is dynamically typed means:
a) Variables must be declared
b) Data type is fixed
c) No need to declare variable types
d) Python is slow
Answer: c) No need to declare variable types

58. Which operating system does Python support?
a) Windows
b) Linux
c) macOS
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

59. Which version of Python is recommended for new users?
a) Python 1.x
b) Python 2.x
c) Python 3.x
d) Python 4.x
Answer: c) Python 3.x

60. Which library is used for machine learning in Python?
a) Flask
b) Django
c) scikit-learn
d) Bootstrap
Answer: c) scikit-learn